Collecting of vintage prints works best if one starts by understanding his/her motivation. If the desire is to own rare items in the original, this is unlikely to happen on a budget, so start by learning how to get rich. If the goal is to buy art for pleasure, consider titles that were originally mass produced, by such methods as woodcut or woodblock, lithograph. Then, the choices are for originals of antique prints or modern reproductions of old prints.
Once the collector finds examples that please, one might seek out similar examples by type or artist or print house, study their history, read guides on pricing and availability, et cetera. Persons who are thrilled by the hunt can visit estate sales, used book stores, and so forth, but that can be a low-yield process, often finding only damaged goods. If time for the pursuit is limited, a definitely powerful tool is internet searches, for knowledge about the art, sources of reproductions, stores and brokers for vintage prints.
If authenticity is a prime consideration, one should do a lot of study and seek out good dealers. This specialization is probably best left to well-to-do persons with professional advisors.
If pleasure in the viewing is the main focus, fakes can be as satisfying as authentic works, and modern reproductions at least as acceptable as old prints. In fact, the reproductions can be greatly preferred, because digital editing can do a lot to offset damage and aging, such as fading, darkening, dirt, hand writing or stamps not made by the artist, tears, cracks, even some repairs of gaps. Repairs can be a touchy subject, if the one doing the repairs has not the knowledge or skill to follow the original artist's intentions, such as might be achieved from merging different copies of the same original. Colorization of black and white originals is also very touchy, whether achieved with a brush or modern software, due to guessing and subjective standards.
Be aware that the major online bookstores often have used copies of items that can help in your studies. For long out-of-print items, better success might be had at Alibris-com.
What was achieved before modern technology can be fascinating!
Oldcolorprint.com is an example of an online store offering digitally repaired reproductions of antique prints. Selections are 99.9999% in color, though sometimes of limited spectrum. Titles span the years 1690 (Japanese woodcut) to 1921 (circus poster lithograph), and include color photographs made before the existence of color film (Photochrom and work by Prokudin-Gorskii). Inks are rated to 100 years and waterproof paper is optional. Pages include brief history of color prints and printing technogogy, examples of restorations.
Author
D.A. Miller, PhD, is a physicist who is fascinated by mass produced color prints achieved before color film was available. His digital restorations can be viewed at http://oldcolorprint.com.
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